Valve mechanism for internal-combustion engines.



PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906. W. H. SOHOONMAKER.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.11. 1904.

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EN oi NE CYLiN DER W 2 a W A7TOHNEYS PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906.

W. H. SGHOONMAKER. VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.11,1904.

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' W. H. SOHOONMAKER. VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.11.1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

QF-QBK'SQ WITNESSES: lNVf/VTOR I i 740%47724721" 'cizamzmajsezf Br W I 44 Qm- ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES P eLENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HENRY SCHOON MAKER, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

VALVE'MECHANISM FOR lNTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9, 1906 To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM HENRY SOHOONMAKER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Valve Mechanism for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a valve especially intended as an inlet-valve for two-cycle internal-combustion engines, but useful in other connections, as will be apparent to skilled mechanics. Y

The leading feature of the invention as applied to internal-combustion engines resides in a casing communicating with the enginecylinder and with the fuel-supply and having two valves respectively commanding said communications and simultaneously operated bya member extending into the casing and connected suitably with the valves. The device is intended particularly to be used in connection with a reservoir in which air or a mixture of air and fuel is kept stored under sufiicient pressure to give it the necessary mobility through the cylinder and the pas- -sages leading thereto, and by the provision of the two valves, as explained, the movement of the fluids may be controlled fully in every respect and the possibility of back explosions and other disadvantageous results prevented.

Various other features of major or minor importance are involved, and all willbe fully set forth hereinafter.

This specification is an exact description of two examples of my invention, while the.

claimsdefine the actual scope thereof.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specifica-' tion, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of the invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing a modification in the manner of operating the valves. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the same, partly in section, on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a view showing the attachment in use.

0 indicates the valve-casing, which may be of any form desired, the drawings illustrating but a possible example of its construction, and as there shown said casing is provided with a cap a, removably fastened in place and adapted to be packed by a suitable gasket, so as hermetically to seal the connection between the parts a, and a. This cap facilitates the assemblage of the various parts of the device.

Carried by or formed integral with the casing aare nipples a and a adapted, respectively, to communicate with the engine-cylinder and with the source of combustible mixture. These nipples are interchangeable, so that either may be engaged with the cylinder or with the source of mixture, as desired. The drawings show the nipple a engaged with the cylinder and the nipple a in position to engage with the source of fuelsupply. This engagement with the cylinder may be effected by any desired means. The nipples a and a are respectively commanded bypuppet-valves b and c, which are seated on the extremities of the nipples, and both open outward from the casing a. According to the arrangement illustrated in the drawings the valve 6 opens into the cylinder and the valve 0 into the communication with the source of combustible mixture. By seating the valves on the. extremities of the nipples (L2 and a the cylinder-valve b opens into the body of the cylinder, and in practice I purpose locating said valve in the longitudinal center of the cylinder, so that the current of inrushing mixture will be spread outward by the centrally located valve 1) and advanced through the cylinder with an essentially uniform profile, thus effectively clearing out the products of combustion within the cylinder and also assisting in the work of cooling the cylinder-walls, thus enabling the engine to be operated under the two-cycle principle with a better scavenging of the cylinder and more effective cooling thereof than in the ordinary type of two-cycle engine.

The valves 1) and c are fitted with stems b and c, which project, respectively, into the casing a and slide in suitably-arranged stemguldes (1, carried by or formed in the casing a. Each stem is fitted with a pin or other form of stop e, which limits the opening movements of the valves by striking the adj acent stem-guides d. The valves 1) and c are operated to open and close simultaneously, and preferably this is done by means of devices passing from the cam-shaft or other actuating means into the casing a. As here shown, said devices comprise a rocking shaft f, passing vertically through a stuflingbox 9 in the bottom of the case a and having its upper end fitted in a suitable bearing a der is to be charged the shaft f should be rocked in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawings, thus simultaneously opening the valves. The combustible mixture will then flow through the nipple a, case a, and nipple a and into the cylinder, the valve 1) acting meanwhile to spread out the inrush ing gases and cause them thoroughly to scavenge the cylinder and force out before them the products of previous combustion therein. As the piston begins its return move- 'ment the valve 1) will be seated by the compression in the cylinder, the valve 0 also being actuated in this direction by the pressure in the source of fuel and air supply. It will therefore be seen that the valves need to be mechanically driven only in one direction; but for the purpose of securing a positive action I prefer to drive the shaftf positively in both directions, thus bringing about a positive seating and unseating of the valve. The new arrangement which I have provided enables me not only to thoroughly cleanse the cylinder by the inrushing charge, but also provides a secure seal for the air and gas which may be stored under pressure and prevents this pressure from exerting itself to tend to open the valve I). It also seals both the connection to the cylinder and to the fuel-supply and prevents thereby the possibility of a back explosion.

The modification shown in Figs. 3 and 4 provides for operating the valves in the same manner as before explained and also for allowing the valves a rotating movement in their seats. This effect I attain by forming on the valve-stems Z annular rack-teeth Z, adapted to mesh with a double-faced pinion 1n, mounted on the shaft f in place of the arms 7L and 11, before described. It will be observed that by rocking this shaft the necessary movement will be imparted to the valve-stems, and at the same time said stems with their attached valves will be allowed a free turning movement in the valve-seats, thus enabling them to seat effectively and clear out by their natural grinding action any obstructing accumulations which might form on the seats.

Various changes in the form, proportions, and minor details of my invention may be resorted to at will without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Hence I consider myself entitled to all such variations as may lie within the intent of my claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination of a valve-stem mounted to reciprocate and to turn and having annular or part-annular rack-teeth thereon, and a pinion meshed with the rack-teeth, to impart reciprocal movement thereto.

2. The combination of a casing comprising two communications, valves commanding said communications, crossing valve-stems located in the casing and having annular rack-teeth formed thereon, a rock-shaft extending into the casing, and a pinion or pinions attached to the shaft and meshed with the rack-teeth ofthe valve-stems.

3. The combination of two crossing valvestems having annular rack-teeth thereon, and a toothed gear meshed-with the said rackteeth to operate the valve-stems.

4c. The combination of a casing having inlet and outlet communications, valves respectively commanding the said communi cations, crossing stems connected with the valves, a rock-shaft extending into the easing, and means within the casing for simultaneously and positively operating the valves and stems from the rock-shaft.

5. The combination of a casing having inlet andoutlet communications, outwardlyopening valves commanding the same, a rockshaft extending into the casing, and means within the casing for simultaneously and positively operating the valves from said rock-shaft.

6. The combination of a casing having inlet and outlet nipples, outwardly-opening valves seated on the outer end of said nipples, valvestems connected respectively to the valves and extending into the casing, and a means projecting into the casing and connected with the stems to simultaneously and positively operate the valves.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM HENRY SCHOONMAKER.

VVitnesses':

JNO. M. BITTER, ALFRED I-I. DAVIS. 

